Main
field pests
Paddy stem-borer: Scirpophaga incertulas
Symptom of damage
1. Presence
of brown coloured egg mass near leaf tip.
2. Caterpillar
bore into central shoot of paddy seedling and tiller
3. Causes
drying of the central shoot known as “dead heart”
4. Grown
up plant whole panicle becomes dried “white ear”.
Identification of insect pest
Egg - Laid in a mass and covered with buff coloured
hairs.
Larva - Pale yellow with dark brown head.
Pupa - White silken cocoon.
Adult
Female moth - bright yellowish brown fore wings with a
black spot possess a tuft of yellow hairs.
Male moth - Smaller with pale yellow fore-wings without
black spot.
Control:
Avoid close planting and continuous water stagnation
Pull out and destroy the affected tillers
Set up light traps to attract and kill the moths
Harvest the crop up-to the ground level and disturb the stubble
Release the egg parasitoid, Trichogramma japonicum on
twice @ 5 cc/ha/
Apply neem seed kernel extract
Spray ginger
garlic extracts
Gall
midge, Orseolia oryzae
Symptom of damage
1. Maggot
feeds at the base of the growing shoot
2. Causing formation of a tube like gall that is
similar to “onion leaf” or “Silver-shoot”.
3. Infested
tillers produce no panicles.
Identification of insect pest
Egg:
Reddish, elongate, tubular eggs just near the ligule of the leaf blade
Larva:
Maggot is pale to red colour feeds inside the gall.
Pupa:
pupates at the base of the gall and moves to tip of the gall
Adult: Adult
is orange coloured mosquito like fly
Control:
Early
ploughing
Harvest
the crop and plough immediately
Remove
the alternate hosts and adjust the time of planting (early)
Use
early maturing varieties
Optimum
recommendation of potash fertilizer
Setup
light trap and monitor the adult flies
Swarming
caterpillar, Spodoptera mauritia
Symptom of damage
1. Larvae
cut the seedlings in large scale
2. Severe
infestation - cattle grazing appearance to the field.
3. They
feed gregariously and march from field to field.
Identification of insect pest
• Egg -
Laid in masses on leaves and covered with grey hairs
• Larva -
Caterpillar is cylindrical dark to pale green with lateral lines along the body
• Pupa -
Pupates in an earthen cocoon in soil
• Adult -
Moth is medium sized stoutly build.
• Dark
brown with a conspicuous triangular spot on fore wings.
Control:
Kerosene
the water while irrigation – suffocation
Allow
ducks into the field
Nursery
Drain
the water
Spray Panchkavya
Rice
skipper, Pelopidas mathias
Symptom of damage
1. Edges
of the leaves are fastened with webbing.
2. Backward
rolling of leaves,
3. caterpillar
feeds from margin to inwards
Identification of insect pest
Larva:
Pale green with constructed neck.
Adult:
Butterfly with brown coloured wings and curved antenna
Control:
Spray Neem Astra
Leaf
folder (or) leaf roller, Cnaphalocrocis mainsails / Marasmia patnalis
Symptom of damage
1. Leaves
fold longitudinally and larvae remains inside.
2. Larvae scrapes the green tissues of the leaves
and becomes white and dry.
3. During
severe infestation the whole field exhibits scorched appearance
Identification of insect pest
• Egg -
Flat, oval in shape and yellowish white in colour.
• Larva -
Greenish translucent
• Adult -
Moth is brownish with many dark wavy lines in centre and dark band on margin of
Control:
Clipping
of the affected leaves
Keep the
bunds clean
Avoid
excessive nitrogenous fertilizers
Light
traps to attract and kill moths
Release
Trichogramma chilonis @ 1, 25,000/ha thrice
Spray
NSKE 5 %
Rice horned
caterpillar, Melanitis ismene
Damage
• Larva
feeds on leaf blades of rice.
• Leaves
are defoliated from the margin or tip irregularly.
Identification
of insect pest
• Egg -
White eggs singly on the leaves is green,
• Larva -
Lightly flattened with two red horns processes on the head
• Two
yellow processes in the anal end
• Pupa -
Chrysalis, which suspends from the leaf.
• Adult -
dark brown with large wings having a black
• yellow
eye like spot one on each of the fore wings.
Control:
Spray neem Astra.
Yellow
hairy caterpillar, Psalis pennatula
Symptoms of damage
Caterpillar causes defoliation
Identification of insect pest
• Caterpillar
is yellowish brown with red stripes
• Orange
head and tufts of hairs all over the body.
• Pupa -
pale white cocoon of silk and frass attached to the leaf
• Adult -
Moth is stout with straw coloured fore-wings.
Control:
Spray Neem Astra
Grasshopper,
Hieroglyphus banian
Short horned grasshopper, Oxya nitidula
Symptom of damage
Irregular
feeding on seedlings and leaf blade
Cutting
of stem at panicle stage
Completely
defoliate the plants leaving only the mid ribs
Identification of insect
pest
Adults -
Green, larger with transverse black lines on pronotum
Control:
Expose the eggs to be picked up by birds after ploughing
and trim the bunds
Dusting the crop neem
Dusting Panchkavya
Spiny
beetle / Rice hispa, Dicladispa armigera
Symptoms
of damage
Adults feed
on chlorophyll by scraping and causing white parallel streaks
White
patches along with long axis of leaf.
Grubs
mine into the leaves and make blister near leaf tips.
Identification of insect pest
Larva -
Grub is minute, flat and yellow
Adult -
Blue - black shiny beetle with spines on the thorax and elytra
Control:
Leaf tip
containing blotch mines should be
destroyed
Manual
collection and killing of beetles – hand nets
Spray Neem Astra
Whorl
maggot, Hydrellia sasakii,
Symptom of damage
Maggot
feeds on the tender tissue inside the whorl
Yellowish
white longitudinal marginal blotching with hole
Leaves
shrivelled plant stunted and maturity delayed.
Drooping
of young leaves near the tip
Identification of the pest
Maggot -
Yellowish white in color.
Adult -
Small dull grey fly.
Control:
Remove
the alternate hosts and adjust the time of planting (early)
Use
early maturing varieties
Spray Neem
Astra
Green
leafhopper, Nephotettix virescens,
Symptom of damage
Yellowing
of leaves from tip to downwards.
Vector
for the diseases viz., Rice tungro virus, rice yellow & transitory
yellowing
Identification of insect pest
Adults -
are green with black spot and black patch on wings.
Control:
Apply
neem cake @ 12.5 kg/20 cent nursery as basal dose
The
vegetation on the bunds should also be sprayed with the insecticides
Set up
light traps
Spray Bhrammasthra. twice, 15 and 30 days after transplanting.
Brown
plant leafhopper, Nilaparvata lugens
Symptoms
of damage
Nymphs
and adults congregate at the base of the plant above the water level
Affected
plant dries up and gives a scorched appearance called “hopper burn”.
Circular
patches of drying and lodging of matured plant
It is
vector of grassy stunt, ragged stunt and wilted stunt diseases
Identification of insect
pest
Adult:
Brown body and chestnut brown eyes. It has two forms viz.,
(Macropterous (long winged) and brachypterous (short
winged)).
Control:
Avoid
close planting
To
provide 30 cm rogue spacing at every 2.5 m to reduce the pest incidence.
Avoid
use of excessive nitrogenous fertilizers
Control
irrigation by intermittent draining
Set up
light traps during night
Yellow
pan traps during day time
Conserve natural enemies like Lycosa pseudoannulata,
Cyrtorhinus lividipennis
Apply any
one.
Neem
oil 3% @ 15 lit/ha
Iluppai
oil 6% @
30 lit/ha
Neem seed
kernel extract 5% @ 25 kg/ha
White
backed plant hopper, Sogatella furcifera,
Damage
Suck the
sap and cause stunted growth.
“Hopper
burn” is caused in irregular patches.
Identification of insect pest
Nymph -
White in colour and pronotum is pale yellow.
Adult -
Possess a diamond like marking on the thorax and ovipositional site is black
streaks.
Control:
Avoid
use of excessive nitrogenous fertilizers
Control
irrigation by intermittent draining
Apply any one of the following
Neem
oil 3% @ 15 lit/ha
Iluppai
oil 6% @
30 lit/ha
Neem
seed kernel extract 5% @ 25 kg/ha
Mealybug,
Brevennia rehi
Damage
Large
number of insects remains in leaf sheath and suck the sap.
Plants
become week, yellowish and very much stunted in circular patches.
Presence
of white waxy fluff in leaf sheaths
Identification
of insect pest
Adult -
Small reddish white, soft-bodied
wingless
insect covered with filamentous materials.
Control:
During
field preparation - remove the grasses from the bunds and trim the bunds
Remove
and destroy the affected plants.
Spray neem
Astra in the initial stage of infestation
Conserve
the natural enemies
Rice
earhead bug: Leptocorisa acuta
Symptoms
of damage
Sucking
the sap from individual grains, which are in milky stage.
Individual
grains become chaffy
Black
spots on the grains at the site of feeding puncture.
Buggy
odour in rice field during milky stage
Identification
of insect pest
Eggs:
Dark, reddish brown and laid in rows of
10-15 on the leaves (or) panicles
Nymphs:
Green to brown.
Adults:
Slender with long legs and antennae.
They are
brownish green in colour, while disturbing it emittes stink odour
Control:
Spray Neem seed kernel extract 5% @ 25 kg/ha or Notchi or
Prosopis leaf extract 10% . twice as above
Thrips:
Stenchaetothrips biformis
Symptoms of damage
Laceration
of the tender leaves and suck the plant
sap
Yellow
(or) silvery streaks on the leaves of young seedlings
Terminal
rolling and drying of leaves from tip to base
It
causes damage both in nursery and main field
Identification of insect
pest
Adults -
are dark brown in colour
Control:
Spray neem Astra or panchkavya in nursery stage
Spray neem Astra or panchkavya in field stage
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